KEY TAKEAWAYS:

• Benefits of Class Action Participation
  • Shared Legal Costs
  • Collective Bargaining Power
  • Enhanced Settlement Leverage
  • Resource Pooling
  • Efficiency
• Reasons to Opt-Out of a Class Action Suit
  • The potential for a larger financial recovery.
  • More control over the legal proceedings
  • You can select your own legal representation and have a direct say in how their case is handled
  • Dissatisfaction with the proposed settlement terms
  • The amount of time it takes to resolve a securities class action lawsuit
• Key Steps for Excluding Yourself from Securities Class Actions
  • Thoroughly review the class notice
  • Prepare a comprehensive written opt-out request
  • Submit your request to the designated address
  • Adhere strictly to the opt-out deadline
  • Obtain confirmation of your exclusion
  • Consult with qualified legal professionals
  • Preserve your right to pursue individual lawsuits
  • Evaluate the strategic implications

Introduction to Opting Out of a Securities Class Action Lawsuit

Opting out of a securities class actions allows you to  pursue a single lawsuit and preserve the right to sue the defendant individuallyl.  If you do opt out you will exclude yourself from the class action and will not be able to particpate in any settlement or other recovery, so it is a decision thatt should not be taken lightly.

Secritues class actins are legal proceedings brought by investors who have been harmed due to securities fraud or other violations of securities laws. These lawsuits aim to hold companies and their executives accountable for misleading statements, omissions, or other deceptive practices that result in financial losses for investors.

When a securities class action lawsuit is filed, it typically represents all affected investors as a collective group, known as the class. However, individual investors have the option of excluding themselves from the class action to pursue their own legal remedies independently. This process, known as “opting out,” can be a strategic decision depending on the circumstances and objectives of the investor.

Opting out of a securities class action lawsuit means that an investor chooses not to participate in the collective legal proceedings and instead retains the right to file an individual lawsuit against the defendant. There are several reasons why an investor might consider excluding themselves from a class action. One primary consideration is the potential for a higher recovery amount through an individual lawsuit, particularly if the investor’s losses are substantial.

By pursuing an independent claim, an investor may have more control over the litigation process, including settlement negotiations and trial strategies. Additionally, opting out allows an investor to seek damages that are more tailored to their specific circumstances rather than accepting a pro-rata share of a class settlement.

However, opting out also comes with certain risks and challenges that must be carefully evaluated. Individual lawsuits can be costly and time-consuming, requiring significant resources and legal expertise. Investors must weigh the potential benefits against the possibility of an unfavorable outcome or prolonged litigation. It is essential for investors to consult with experienced securities litigation attorneys who can provide guidance on whether excluding themselves from a class action is the most advantageous course of action.

In summary, understanding the implications of opting out of a securities class action lawsuit is crucial for any investor considering this path. By carefully assessing their individual situation and seeking professional legal advice, investors can make informed decisions about their participation in securities class actions.

The decision to exclude oneself should be based on a thorough analysis of potential recovery amounts, litigation costs, and personal investment goals. As securities laws continue to evolve, staying informed about legal options and strategies will empower investors to protect their rights and pursue justice effectively.

What Are Securities Class Action Lawsuits

• Collective Legal Actions: Securities class action lawsuits represent a powerful mechanism whereby groups of investors who have suffered financial losses due to corporate misconduct, fraud, or material misrepresentations can pursue legal recourse collectively

• These lawsuits typically emerge when companies mislead investors regarding their financial health, business operations, or other material factors affecting stock valuations
• Investors who purchased securities under false pretenses may recover losses through this collective legal framework

• Triggering Events: Class actions arise from various forms of corporate malfeasance

• Financial Statement Fraud: Deliberate misrepresentation of company financial performance
• Material Omissions: Failure to disclose significant information affecting stock prices
• Securities Exchange Act Violations: Breaches of federal securities regulations

The Class Action Process

• Lead Plaintiff Selection: The process initiates when a lead plaintiff, typically an institutional investor with substantial losses, files suit on behalf of all affected shareholders

• Courts must certify the lawsuit as a class action before it can proceed as a collective case
• Lead plaintiffs often possess the largest financial stake and demonstrate adequate representation capabilities

• Automatic Class Membership: Once certified, all investors who purchased the security during the specified class period automatically become class members

• Class Period: The timeframe during which the alleged misconduct occurred and affected stock prices
• Automatic Inclusion: No action required for investors to join the class initially

• Procedural Stages: Class actions follow established legal procedures

• Motion to dismiss phase
• Discovery period for evidence gathering
• Settlement negotiations or trial proceedings
• Distribution of any recovery to class members

Benefits of Class Action Participation

• Shared Legal Costs: Participating in class actions provides significant financial advantages through cost distribution

• Legal fees are shared among all class members, making litigation economically viable
• Individual investors avoid prohibitive costs of pursuing separate lawsuits

• Collective Bargaining Power: Class actions leverage the strength of numbers in negotiations

• Enhanced Settlement Leverage: Large groups of plaintiffs create stronger negotiating positions
• Resource Pooling: Combined financial resources enable comprehensive legal representation
• Efficiency: Single lawsuit addresses multiple similar claims simultaneously

Limitations and Considerations

• Compensation Limitations: Class action participation may not fully compensate individual losses

• Settlement amounts are distributed among all class members, potentially reducing individual recovery
• Pro Rata Distribution: Compensation typically allocated based on loss calculations and class size
• Recovery may not cover the full extent of individual damages

• Time Considerations: Class action litigation involves extended timeframes

• Settlement processes can extend over multiple years
• Delayed Recovery: Compensation distribution occurs only after final resolution
• Ongoing litigation uncertainty affects planning and expectations

Opting Out: Excluding Yourself from Class Actions

• Right to Exclude: Class members possess the fundamental right to opt out of securities class actions

• Opt-Out Period: Courts establish specific timeframes for exclusion requests
• Written Notice Requirement: Exclusion typically requires formal written notification to the court
• Individual Lawsuit Preservation: Opting out preserves the right to pursue individual legal action

• Strategic Considerations for Opting Out:

• Larger Individual Losses: Investors with substantial losses may recover more through individual litigation
  • Individual suits allow for complete damage recovery without sharing with other class members
  • Personalized legal strategy addressing specific circumstances
• Timing Advantages: Individual lawsuits may resolve more quickly than class actions
• Control Over Legal Strategy: Direct involvement in litigation decisions and settlement negotiations

• Risks of Exclusion:

• Higher Legal Costs: Individual litigation requires bearing full legal expenses
• Uncertain Outcomes: No guarantee of recovery in individual lawsuits
• Statute of Limitations: Must file individual suit within applicable time limits
• Resource Requirements: Individual cases demand significant time and financial commitment

Making the Opt-Out Decision

• Financial Analysis: Evaluate potential recovery under both scenarios

• Compare estimated class action distribution against potential individual recovery
• Cost-Benefit Assessment: Weigh litigation costs against potential additional recovery
• Consider probability of success in individual versus class action context

• Legal Consultation: Engage qualified securities litigation counsel

• Expert Evaluation: Professional assessment of individual case strength
• Strategic Planning: Development of optimal litigation approach
• Deadline Management: Ensuring compliance with opt-out and filing deadlines

• Documentation Requirements: Maintain comprehensive records

• Purchase and sale records for affected securities
• Loss Calculations: Detailed analysis of financial damages
• Communication records related to investment decisions

Reasons to Opt-Out of a Class Action Suit

Investors may choose to opt-out of a class action lawsuit for several reasons. One primary motive is the potential for a larger financial recovery. By opting out, an investor retains the right to file an individual lawsuit against the company. In cases where an investor has suffered substantial losses, pursuing a separate claim can lead to a more personalized settlement that better reflects the actual damages incurred. This route, however, requires careful consideration of the associated costs and risks.

Another reason to opt-out is the desire for more control over the legal proceedings. Class actions are managed by lead counsel who make strategic decisions on behalf of the entire class, which may not always align with an individual investor’s interests.

By opting out, investors can select their own legal representation and have a direct say in how their case is handled. This level of control can be particularly appealing for those who wish to ensure that their specific concerns are adequately addressed in court.

Investors might also opt-out due to dissatisfaction with the proposed settlement terms. In some cases, the settlement offered in a class action suit might not seem fair or sufficient, prompting investors to seek better terms through individual litigation.

Additionally, the time it takes to resolve a class action can be another factor. Investors who prefer a quicker resolution might find that opting out allows them to expedite the process, especially if they have the resources to pursue their case independently.

Opting Out of Securities Class Action Lawsuits: Essential Steps for Investors

When investors discover they are part of a securities class action lawsuit, they hhave the critical option to exclude themselves and pursue individual legal action. This strategic decision requires careful consideration and precise execution of specific procedural requirements.

Key Steps for Excluding Yourself from Securities Class Actions:

• Thoroughly review the class notice – Examine all critical information including lawsuit details, alleged misconduct, deadlines for opting out, and available options for class members who received the mailed notification

• Prepare a comprehensive written opt-out request – Draft a formal exclusion letter containing your complete name, current address, specific securities involved, and an explicit statement of your intention to opt-out of the class action

• Submit your request to the designated address – Send your opt-out letter to the exact address specified in the class notice, ensuring all required information is included and properly formatted

• Adhere strictly to the opt-out deadline – Missing the specified deadline results in automatic inclusion in the class action, eliminating your ability to pursue individual legal remedies

• Obtain confirmation of your exclusion – Receive and retain written acknowledgment from the court or claims administrator confirming your successful removal from the class action

• Consult with qualified legal professionals – Engage experienced securities attorneys before opting out to fully understand the implications, procedural requirements, and strategic advantages of individual versus class action litigation

• Preserve your right to pursue individual lawsuits – Once excluded from the class action, you maintain the ability to file separate legal proceedings against the defendants for your specific damages

• Evaluate the strategic implications – Consider factors such as the strength of your individual case, potential recovery amounts, litigation costs, and timeline differences between class actions and individual lawsuits

Potential Risks and Benefits of Opting Out

Opting out of a securities class action lawsuit presents both potential risks and benefits that investors must carefully weigh. One of the primary benefits is the possibility of achieving a larger financial recovery through an individual lawsuit.

• Opting Out: By opting out, investors can seek damages that more accurately reflect their specific financial losses, rather than settling for a portion of the collective class recovery. This personalized approach can lead to higher compensation, especially for those with significant claims.
• Financial Commitment: However, pursuing an individual lawsuit also carries risks. The costs associated with litigation can be substantial, including legal fees, court costs, and expert witness expenses. Investors must be prepared for these financial commitments, as well as the time and effort required to pursue a case independently. There’s also the risk of an unfavorable outcome; unlike class actions, where settlements are often reached, individual lawsuits may result in no recovery if the court rules against the investor.
• No Longer a Member of the Class Action: Additionally, opting out means relinquishing the benefits of being part of a collective group, such as shared legal costs and the strength of numbers. Class actions often have more negotiating power due to the sheer volume of claims, which can lead to settlements that might not be achievable in individual cases.

It’s important for investors to consider whether the potential for higher recovery outweighs the risks and costs associated with going it alone. This decision requires a thorough analysis of the investor’s specific circumstances and an understanding of the legal landscape.

Opting Out of Securities Class Action Lawsuits: Essential Steps for Investors

When investors discover they are part of a securities class action lawsuit, they have the critical option to exclude themselves and pursue individual legal action. This strategic decision requires careful consideration and precise execution of specific procedural requirements.

Key Steps for Excluding Yourself from Securities Class Actions:

• Thoroughly review the class notice – Examine all critical information including lawsuit details, alleged misconduct, deadlines for opting out, and available options for class members who received the mailed notification

• Prepare a comprehensive written opt-out request – Draft a formal exclusion letter containing your complete name, current address, specific securities involved, and an explicit statement of your intention to opt-out of the class action

• Submit your request to the designated address – Send your opt-out letter to the exact address specified in the class notice, ensuring all required information is included and properly formatted

• Adhere strictly to the opt-out deadline – Missing the specified deadline results in automatic inclusion in the class action, eliminating your ability to pursue individual legal remedies

• Obtain confirmation of your exclusion – Receive and retain written acknowledgment from the court or claims administrator confirming your successful removal from the class action

• Consult with qualified legal professionals – Engage experienced securities attorneys before opting out to fully understand the implications, procedural requirements, and strategic advantages of individual versus class action litigation

• Preserve your right to pursue individual lawsuits – Once excluded from the class action, you maintain the ability to file separate legal proceedings against the defendants for your specific damages

• Evaluate the strategic implications – Consider factors such as the strength of your individual case, potential recovery amounts, litigation costs, and timeline differences between class actions and individual lawsuits

1. Receive a class action notice. Once a securities class action is filed and certified by the court, a notice is sent to potential class members defining the lawsuit and the class period.
2. Follow the specific opt-out instructions. The notice will contain detailed instructions for excluding yourself from the class. This typically involves submitting a written request by mail or through an online portal.
3. Meet the opt-out deadline. The notice will include a specific deadline by which your exclusion request must be submitted. If you miss this deadline, you will aautomatically remain part of the class and forfeit your right to file an individual lawsuit for the same claim. 

How to Evaluate Your Individual Case for Securities Class Action Opt-Out

Assess the Nature and Impact of Alleged Wrongdoing

Document Your Specific Financial Losses

• Gather all purchase and sale confirmations showing transaction dates and prices
• Compile comprehensive account statements covering the relevant class period
• Calculate the direct correlation between alleged misconduct and your investment losses

Analyze the Strength of Misconduct Allegations

• Review the specific Securities Exchange Act violations claimed in the lawsuit
• Examine whether the company’s alleged misrepresentations directly influenced your investment decisions
• Assess the materiality of the alleged fraud to your particular investment timeline

Evaluate Evidence Quality and Documentation

• Preserve all communications received from the company during the class period
• Document any reliance on allegedly false or misleading statements
• Identify witnesses or additional evidence supporting your individual claims

Secure Professional Legal Guidance and Assessment

Engage Experienced Securities Litigation Counsel

• Consult with attorneys specializing in Rule 10b-5 actions and securities fraud
• Seek counsel with proven track records in individual opt-out litigation
• Obtain multiple legal opinions to ensure comprehensive case evaluation

Obtain Realistic Recovery Projections

• Request detailed analysis of potential damages based on your specific losses
• Compare projected individual recovery against anticipated class action settlement
• Evaluate the likelihood of successful outcome based on similar precedent cases

Understand Potential Legal Defenses

• Assess the company’s likely defense strategies and their impact on your case
• Evaluate statute of limitations issues and procedural requirements
• Analyze the burden of proof required for your individual claims

Evaluate Personal Circumstances and Resource Capacity

Assess Financial Resources and Risk Tolerance

• Calculate the total cost of pursuing individual litigation including attorney fees
• Evaluate your ability to fund extended legal proceedings
• Consider potential adverse cost awards if litigation is unsuccessful

Consider Time Investment and Emotional Impact

• Prepare for potentially lengthy discovery and trial processes
• Assess the emotional toll of engaging in protracted legal battles
• Evaluate the impact on personal and professional commitments

Align Decision with Investment Objectives

• Determine whether individual litigation serves your long-term financial goals
• Consider the strategic value of pursuing accountability beyond monetary recovery
• Evaluate whether opting out aligns with your overall investment philosophy and risk management approach

Here is a summary of the reasons and risks of opting out of securities class action lawsuits:

• Larger potential recovery: For institutional investors or individuals with major losses, a direct action may yield a much higher payout than a class action settlement, which is divided among all class members.
• Greater control: Opting out allows you to select your own attorney and control the legal strategy, settlement, and litigation timeline. In a class action, these decisions are made by the lead plaintiff and their counsel.
• Unique or severe damages: If your losses are substantially greater or different from the average class member’s, pursuing an individual claim ensures your specific circumstances are fully addressed.
• Additional legal theories: You may wish to pursue legal claims that are not included in the broader class action, such as filing against defendants not named in the suit. 

• No recovery if you lose: By opting out, you forfeit any right to compensation from the class action settlement. If your individual lawsuit is unsuccessful, you will get no recovery at all.
• Increased costs and time: Pursuing an individual lawsuit can be more expensive, time-consuming, and complex, especially when litigating against a large corporation.
• Statute of repose deadline: A U.S. Supreme Court decision, California Public Employees’ Retirement System v. ANZ Securities, Inc., requires investors considering an opt-out lawsuit to be mindful of the statute of repose. This is a strict time limit for filing a claim that may pass before the class action is resolved, so consulting with an attorney early is critical

Legal Rights and Obligations of Opting Out

• Right to Pursue Individual Legal Action: Investors who opt out of a securities class action lawsuit retain the fundamental right to file an individual lawsuit against the defendant company, allowing them to seek full compensation for their specific losses and pursue a tailored legal strategy that directly addresses their unique grievances and financial damages.

• Strict Procedural Compliance Requirements: Opting out requires adherence to precise procedural requirements, including submitting a timely, correctly formatted opt-out request within the court-specified deadline—failure to meet these requirements results in automatic inclusion in the class action and forfeiture of individual lawsuit rights.

• Personal Responsibility for Legal Costs and Management: Once opted out, investors assume full responsibility for managing the complexities of individual litigation, including bearing all legal costs, attorney fees, court expenses, and actively participating throughout the entire legal process without the cost-sharing benefits of class action participation.

• Enhanced Recovery Potential with Increased Risk: Individual lawsuits may offer the opportunity for larger financial recovery compared to class action settlements, but investors face heightened risks including the burden of proving company liability, overcoming corporate defenses, and the possibility of receiving no compensation if the case is unsuccessful.

• Loss of Class Action Settlement Benefits: Opting out permanently excludes investors from any future class action settlement or judgment, regardless of the outcome of their individual lawsuit, meaning they cannot later rejoin the class action if their individual case proves unsuccessful.

• Strategic Legal Decision-Making Authority: Opted-out investors maintain complete control over their legal strategy, including choice of legal representation, settlement negotiations, trial decisions, and case management, allowing for personalized approaches that may better serve their specific circumstances and investment losses.

• Statute of Limitations Considerations: Investors must carefully evaluate statute of limitations deadlines for individual claims, as opting out does not extend these time limits, and failure to file within the applicable limitations period will result in permanent loss of legal recourse.

• Discovery and Evidence Gathering Obligations: Individual litigants bear the full burden of conducting discovery, gathering evidence, deposing witnesses, and building their case independently, without access to the collective resources and shared discovery benefits available in class action proceedings.

Common Misconceptions About Class Action Lawsuits

Securities class action lawsuits often face scrutiny based on widespread misconceptions that can significantly impact investor decision-making regarding participation and opt-out considerations.

• Class action compensation is negligible and not worth pursuing – While settlements are distributed among numerous class members, the collective legal action frequently generates substantial recoveries that individual investors could not achieve independently. The pooled resources and experienced legal representation often result in meaningful financial compensation that justifies participation in the class action process.

• Opting out automatically guarantees superior financial recovery – Individual lawsuits may theoretically offer larger settlements, but they carry substantial risks including significant legal costs, lengthy litigation timelines, and uncertain outcomes. Investors must carefully evaluate their individual case viability, available resources, and potential recovery against the proven track record of collective legal action before assuming independent litigation will yield better results.

• Remaining in class actions means complete loss of control over legal proceedings – Although lead counsel manages class action litigation, this structure provides investors with access to experienced securities litigation attorneys and shared legal costs that would otherwise be prohibitive. The trade-off between individual control and professional legal representation, combined with reduced financial risk, often favors collective action for most investors seeking to protect their shareholder rights.

• Class actions only benefit attorneys through excessive fees – Court-supervised fee arrangements and contingency-based compensation structures align attorney interests with class member recovery. Legal fees are typically awarded only upon successful resolution and are subject to judicial review to ensure reasonableness relative to the benefits achieved for the investor class.

• Individual cases always receive faster resolution than class actions – Securities litigation complexity, discovery requirements, and court scheduling often result in similar timelines regardless of individual or collective pursuit. Securities class actions may actually expedite resolution through consolidated proceedings and established legal precedents in securities fraud cases.

Resources for Investors Considering Opting Out

• Engage experienced securities litigation attorneys who specialize in class action lawsuits and can provide personalized legal counsel tailored to your specific investment losses and circumstances, ensuring you understand the complex legal implications of opting out versus remaining in the class action settlement

• Consult qualified financial advisors to conduct comprehensive analysis comparing potential individual lawsuit recovery against projected class action settlement amounts, taking into account your overall investment portfolio, risk tolerance, and long-term financial objectives

• Leverage online legal resources including government websites such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) investor portal, specialized legal blogs focusing on securities litigation trends, and investor protection forums that provide current information about ongoing class actions and opt-out procedures

• Review court documents and case filings available through PACER (Public Access to Court Electronic Records) to examine the strength of allegations, defendant responses, and judicial rulings that may impact your decision to pursue individual legal action

• Access investor advocacy organizations such as the North American Securities Administrators Association (NASAA) and state securities regulators who offer educational materials and guidance on shareholder rights and securities fraud protection

• Utilize professional legal databases like Westlaw or LexisNexis (often available through law libraries) to research precedent cases, settlement histories, and success rates for similar securities fraud claims in your jurisdiction

• Connect with other affected investors through legitimate investor forums and class action notification websites to share experiences and gather insights about the litigation process, while being cautious of potential conflicts of interest

• Obtain independent financial impact assessments from certified public accountants or forensic accountants who can quantify your actual damages and evaluate whether individual litigation may yield superior recovery compared to class participation

• Review your brokerage statements and trading records thoroughly to establish clear documentation of your investment timeline, purchase prices, and losses, which will be essential for either individual litigation or class action participation

• Consider alternative dispute resolution options such as FINRA arbitration for broker-related claims or mediation services that may provide faster resolution than traditional litigation while still protecting your rights as an investor

Key Considerations for Securities Class Action Opt-Out Decisions

• Evaluate your financial losses comprehensively – Assess the ffull extent of your investment damages, including direct losses, opportunity costs, and the timeline of your securities purchases to determine if individual litigation may yield better recovery than class action participation

• Analyze the strength of your individual case – Review the specific circumstances of your investment, timing of purchases and sales, and available evidence to gauge whether your situation presents compelling grounds for separate legal action

• Engage qualified legal professionals immediately – Consult with experienced securities litigation attorneys who can provide detailed analysis of your options, explain the legal landscape, and help you understand the complexities of both class action participation and individual lawsuits

• Consider your litigation capacity and resources – Honestly assess your ability to manage the time, financial commitment, and eemotional demands of pursuing individual litigation versus remaining in the class action

• Research the track record of class counsel – Investigate the experience and success rate of attorneys representing the class action to understand the potential outcomes and settlement prospects for group litigation

• Weigh the risks of individual litigation – Understand that opting out means forfeiting the protection of group litigation and accepting full responsibility for legal costs, with no guarantee of better outcomes than the class settlement

• Examine settlement timing considerations – Factor in how long individual litigation typically takes compared to class action resolution, and how this timeline aligns with your financial needs and personal circumstances

• Leverage financial advisory expertise – Work with qualified financial advisors who can help quantify your losses and project potential recovery scenarios under different litigation approaches

• Document your decision-making process thoroughly – Maintain detailed records of your analysis, professional consultations, and reasoning to ensure you can justify your choice and avoid future regrets

• Make your decision based on your unique situation – Recognize that there is no universal right answer, and the optimal choice depends entirely on your specific financial losses, personal circumstances, risk tolerance, and long-term investment goals

• Act within required deadlines – Ensure you understand and comply with all opt-out deadlines and procedural requirements, as missing these critical dates will eliminate your ability to pursue individual litigation

• Prepare strategically for your chosen path – Whether remaining in the class action or opting out, develop a comprehensive plan that maximizes your investment recovery potential while aligning with your overall financial strategy

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT SECURITIES CLASS ACTION LAWSUITS

1, What is enhanced corporaate governance reforms in securites class action lawsuits?

One of the critical aspects of securities litigation is corporate governance. Effective corporate governance ensures that companies are managed in a manner that protects the interests of shareholders and other stakeholders.

2. What is a notice is securities class actions?

A notice in a class action refers to the formal communication sent to potential class members informing them about the lawsuit and their rights to participate in it. This notice is a crucial part of the class action process as it ensures that all individuals who may be affected by the outcome of the lawsuit are aware of their rights and can choose whether to opt-in or opt-out of the class.

3. What is objecting in securities class action lawsuits?

Objecting in a class action refers to the process by which a member of a class action lawsuit expresses their disagreement or opposition to a proposed settlement or other aspect of the case.

4. What is securities fraud?

Securities fraud, also known as stock or investment fraud, is a deceptive practice in the stock or commodities markets that induces investors to make purchase or sale decisions on the basis of false information, frequently resulting in losses, in violation of securities laws.

5, What is the class period in securities class action lawsuits?

In a securities class action, the class period refers to the specific time frame during which the alleged fraudulent activity occurred. It is the period in which the plaintiffs claim to have suffered financial losses due to misrepresentations or omissions made by the defendants.

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